The American Way Courage, Pride, and Honor Free Essays

The American Way: Courage, Pride, and Honor â€Å"These are the occasions that attempt men’s spirits. The late spring officer and the daylight loyalist will, in this emergency, shrivel from the administration of their nation: yet he that stands it currently, merits the adoration and thanks of man and lady. † These words, expressed by the incomparable Thomas Paine on December 23, 1776, typify the genuine mental fortitude and penance of the numerous American Patriots during the most punctual phases of our nation. We will compose a custom article test on The American Way: Courage, Pride, and Honor or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now It is words and beliefs, for example, these that formed and shaped our nation into the spot we know it as today. As both an American resident and understudy of US history, I accept that a man’s genuine character uncovers itself in the midst of misfortune. The pioneers rise and people of littler grit remove themselves, here and there in the near future. The beginning periods of our nation were set apart with extraordinary battle and insubordination to the forces that held us down. There has been battle all through the whole history of our nation, and still is today, however relatively few very like our battle to pick up autonomy and opportunity. Our nation made its first obvious endeavor to pick up autonomy from King George the III by proclaiming ourselves an autonomous country liberated from any subjugation to Great Britain. This prompted the Revolutionary War, where more than 4,000 men gave their lives and another 6,000 were injured, in the endeavor to pick up opportunity for all Americans. General George S. Patton later clarified what drove these men to go to any length for their nation when he stated, â€Å"The gallant man is simply the man who powers, disregarding his dread, to continue. Order, pride, sense of pride, self-assurance, and the adoration for magnificence are characteristics which will make a man brave in any event, when he is apprehensive. † Thousands of men have kicked the bucket since the commencement of this nation so we might have the option to carry on with the existence we live today, with no one decision us and the opportunity to revere however we see fit, how we it would be ideal if you and try to make the most out of ourselves in each part of life. Our nation invests heavily in the people who have given a definitive penance for their nation, and ideally we will never be so stupid to overlook the penances made. We fly our banners at full tallness to recollect these men, we praise freedom day, and we commend veterans day since we have to recall the savagery and misfortune so as to welcome the tranquil and prosperous carries on with we can live today. I’ve effectively spoken about the political dissidents in the start within recent memory as a country. Be that as it may, numerous others have battled for opportunity and fairness so as to shape our country into what it is today. The African-Americans needed to battle in the 1960’s for balance. Envision coming to Lackawanna College and whites and blacks drinking from isolated drinking fountains and eating in various cafeterias. This would genuinely be a dismal portrayal of the character of the normal American man. Indeed, even before this the Irish outsiders were abhorred and victimized, yet additionally the Italian and Polish settlers. Such a large number of individuals have battled and persisted for the better of our country. I accept the American experience is one of fearlessness, difficulty, constancy, opportunity, and balance for any man who decides to come here and seek after these beliefs. John F. Kennedy portrayed impeccably the significance of these convictions and measures when he stated, â€Å"Let each country know, regardless of whether it wishes us well or sick, that we will address any cost, bear a weight, meet any difficulty, bolster any companion, restrict any adversary, so as to guarantee the endurance and achievement of liberty†¦ We dare not entice them with shortcoming. For just when our arms are adequate certain would we be able to be sure certain that they will never be utilized. † Instructions to refer to The American Way: Courage, Pride, and Honor, Papers

Texting And Driving Essay

I do bolster in the way that messaging a driving ought to be viewed as illicit, for the most part for the spirit reason that numerous individuals bite the dust as a result of the interruptions out and about that your telephone can cause. â€Å"In the previous three years alone, 30 states have restricted messaging while at the same time driving, the main express that has not done it yet is Oklahoma. † (Delcour 2) You see on the news that there are numerous adolescents now a days that get into fender bender why? Since THEY WERE TEXTING AND DRIVING!â€Å"Last year, regardless of affirmation by S. C.â lawmakers that a messaging boycott would be passed, clearly it kicked the bucket without coming up for a last vote. †(EDITORIAL 6) I know individuals who attempt to text and drive however we generally advise them that there are others in this consideration promotion except if they need the blame of their companions passing because of their recklessness then that’s up t o them. At the point when I get in the driver's seat of a vehicle I turn my telephone to quiet and I don’t turn it back up until I that vehicle is halted and I escape that vehicle, I don’t stay there at a red light or a stop sign perusing instant messages or accepting calls while I’m in the driver's seat of a moving vehicle.It is perilous to you as well as the individuals in your vehicle, and the individuals outside of your vehicle also like different drivers, people on foot, creatures, and so forth. I believe that if it somehow happened to become illicit then it ought not just have one ticket for messaging while at the same time driving yet additionally another for being dumb to place yourself and other in a risky danger of kicking the bucket or getting truly hurt. â€Å"Fifty-eight percent of those under 45 state messaging while at the same time driving ought to be rebuffed less seriously than driving while inebriated, while 65 percent of those more than 45 s tate the seriousness of the discipline ought to be equivalent for both.† (CBS 6)I am still sort of another driver myself yet I do realize how to remain safe out and about from anything that may occupy me and wind up causing a ton of harm. Dinosaurs have huge bodies and little cerebrums, when you step within a vehicle you currently have a major body and a littler mind. Don’t let that mind of yours wind up settling on inept choices behind risky hardware like a vehicle. For what reason do individuals text and drive? Since they want to perform various tasks, news streak no you can’t. You can't focus out and about going 70 while conversing with your companion simultaneously in light of the fact that our brains were intended to understand just a single thing at a time.Everyone says â€Å"oh I can multitask† and when they do they totally mess something up, much the same as driving on the off chance that you don’t focus you will spoil greater than tumbling off your bicycle and getting a cleaned knee. In the event that this was made unlawful I am almost certain that individuals wouldn’t obey it from the start, however once they get into that mishap because of that electronic interruption they will comprehend why it was made illicit. â€Å"Numerous late investigations archive that utilizing remote correspondences, and explicitly messaging, is one of the most hazardous interruptions for a driver, under numerous conditions have there been dangerous results

The Sickness Unto Death According to Kierkegaard Essay -- existencialis

1. Kierkegaard accepts that reality is just an abstract procedure. Truth just exists from the abstract existing of the individual and can't be found in a total framework. Target truth to Kierkegaard is a basically a thought made by the fantasy of abstract presence that one can have total and genuine target information on something that exists out on the planet. This is apparent when he states, â€Å"In the goal sense, thought is comprehended just like an unadulterated idea; this compares in a similarly conceptual target sense to its article, which item is consequently the idea itself, and truth becomes correspondence of thought with itself. This target thought has no connection to the current subject† (31). At the point when Kierkegaard expresses that â€Å"truth is subjectivity† and the â€Å"truth of subjectivity is faith† he is contending that since there can never be target truth, every one of the one can do is turn internal and center around existential being. When one turns their concentrate internal they would they be able to locate the genuine truth of their reality, and that presence is simply the activity social occurring of relating of oneself to oneself, and to God. 2. The knight of boundless abdication to Kierkegaard is one who has understood the loss of all importance throughout everyday life. They have acknowledged the world as something that is past their target understanding and have boundlessly surrendered themselves of any quest for importance and have accomplished a kind of harmony which can just originate from the loss of all desire for escape. Kierkegaard contends that street to the knight of confidence just experiences the knight of limitless renunciation. Just by limitlessly surrendering to the loss of all importance would one be able to make the following move of going out on a limb the. The knight of confidence takes centers inside around... ...le are given the opportunity to discover meaning, and in opportunity there is incredible despondency and languishing as individuals search over existential significance. In the story the Grand Inquisitor resents Jesus for his decision to allow opportunity and gloom to everybody and contends that his new church is increasingly exceptional on the grounds that he is removing opportunities. By doing so he will make them slaves, yet award them harmony, and in this manner give them meaning so they won't live in the give up on knowing opportunity. The case that, â€Å"man doesn't live by bread alone†¦ yet just the person who works gets it [bread]†, would orchestrate the possibility that individuals can't discover existential-importance through the satisfaction of just worldly wants. Be that as it may, in the event that one works at consistently making the act of pure trust and comprehends the best possible method of be-ing, one will locate the allegorical/profound bread which fulfills their despondency.

Michelangelos Pietàand Leonardo Da Vincis Mona Lisa

Michelangelos Pietã and Leonardo Da Vincis Mona Lisa The Pietã (1498-1499) is a showstopper of Renaissance design by the eminent craftsman Michelangelo Buonarroti, housed in St. Diminish Basilica in Vatican City. It is the first of various works of a similar topic by the craftsman. The sculpture was appointed for the French cardinal Jean de Billheres, who was an agent in Rome. The sculpture was made for the cardinals memorial service landmark, however was moved to its present area, the main house of prayer on the privilege as one enters the basilica, in the eighteenth century. It is the main piece Michelangelo marked (See History after fulfillment). This well known masterpiece delineates the assortment of Jesus on the lap of his mom Mary after the Crucifixion. The topic is of Northern inception, mainstream at that point in France however not yet in Italy. Michelangelos translation of the Pietã is one of a kind to the points of reference. It is a significant work as it adjusts the Renaissance goals of old style excellence with naturalism. The sculpture is one of the most profoundly completed works by Michelangelo. The structure is pyramidal, and the vertex concurs with Marys head. The sculpture extends continuously down the drapery of Marys dress, to the base, the stone of Golgotha. The figures are very messed up, inferable from the trouble of portraying a completely developed man supported full-length in a womans lap. Michelangelos Pieta, Figure 1.8 A lot of Marys body is disguised by her grand drapery, and the relationship of the figures shows up very normal. Michelangelos understanding of the Pieta was far unique in relation to those recently made by different specialists, as he shaped a youthful and excellent Mary instead of a more established lady around 50 years old. The characteristics of the Crucifixion are constrained to extremely little nail marks and a sign of the injury in Jesus side. Christs face doesn't uncover indications of The Passion. Michelangelo didn't need his adaptation of The Pieta to speak to death, yet rather to show the strict vision of relinquishment and a quiet face of the Son, in this way the portrayal of the fellowship among man and God by the blessing through Christ Leonardo da Vinci in likely one of the most famous craftsman on the planet, in this work we will attempt to delineate who the man is through a portion of his life and a portion of his prevail works, for example, The Mona Lisa, The Last Supper, and Self Portrait. These works and the man have been dissected and investigated after some time and we will endeavor to perceive how his effect on us helped shape a portion of the workmanship world we live in today. Da Vinci was an Italian polymath: painter, stone carver, modeler, performer, researcher, mathematician, engineer, designer, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist and essayist. Leonardo has frequently been portrayed as the paradigm of the Renaissance Man, a man of voracious interest and hotly innovative creative mind. He is generally viewed as probably the best painter ever and maybe the most differently gifted individual ever to have lived. As per workmanship student of history Helen Gardner, the degree and profundity of his inclinations were unprecedented and his brain and character appear to us superhuman, the man himself puzzling and remote. Marco Rosci calls attention to, notwithstanding, that while there is a lot of hypothesis about Leonardo, his vision of the world is basically legitimate as opposed to puzzling, and that the exact techniques he utilized were uncommon for his time. The Mona Lisa is a sixteenth century picture painted in oil on a poplar board by Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci during the Renaissance in Florence, Italy. The work is right now possessed by the Government of France and is in plain view at the Musã ©e du Louver in Paris under the title Portrait of Lisa Gherardini, spouse of Francesco del Giocondo. The artistic creation is a half-length picture and portrays a situated lady (it is practically consistent that she is Lisa del Giocondo) whose outward appearance is habitually depicted as enigmatic.] The vagueness of the subjects articulation, the monumentality of the piece, and the unpretentious displaying of structures and climatic illusionism were novel characteristics that have added to the proceeding with interest and investigation of the work.[1] The picture is so generally perceived, exaggerated, and searched out by guests to the Louver that it is viewed as the most renowned canvas on the planet. Leonardo Da Vinci started painting the Mona Lisa in 1503 or 1504 in Florence, Italy. As indicated by Da Vincis contemporary, Giorgio Vasari, after he had waited over it four years, left it incomplete. It is realized that such conduct is regular in many compositions of Leonardo who, later in his life, lamented failing to have finished a solitary work.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mona_Lisa He is thought to have kept on taking a shot at Mona Lisa for a long time after he moved to France and to have completed it in no time before he passed on in 1519. Leonardo took the composition from Italy to France in 1516 when King Franã §ois I welcomed the painter to work at the Clos Lucã © close to the rulers stronghold in Amboise. Doubtlessly through the beneficiaries of Leonardos right hand Salai, the ruler purchased the work of art for 4,000 Ã ©cus and kept it at Chã ¢teau Fontainebleau, where it stayed until given to Louis XIV. Louis XIV moved the work of art to the Palace of Versailles. After the French Revolution, it was moved to the Louver. Napoleon I had it moved to his room in the Tuileries Palace; later it was come back to the Louver. During the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871) it was moved from the Louver to the Brest Arsenal. There has been a lot of hypothesis with respect to the artistic creations model and scene. For instance, that Leonardo most likely painted his model loyally since her magnificence isn't viewed as being among the best, in any event, when estimated by late Quattro cento (fifteenth century) or even twenty-first century norms. Some craftsmanship antiquarians in Eastern workmanship, for example, Yukio Yashiro, additionally contend that the scene out of sight of the image was affected by Chinese artistic creations, anyway this proposal has been challenged for absence of clear evidence.[12] Mona Lisa was not notable until the mid-nineteenth century when specialists of the rising Symbolist development started to value it, and related it with their thoughts regarding female persona. Pundit Walter Pater, in his 1867 article on Leonardo, communicated this view by portraying the figure in the artistic creation as a sort of mythic encapsulation of unceasing gentility, who is more established than the stones among which she sits and who has been dead commonly and scholarly the privileged insights of the grave. The Last Supper was made when Leonardo da Vinci was a notable craftsman when he made his gem The Last Supper. He painted The Last Supper on the back mass of the eating lobby at the Dominican religious community of Sta Maria delle Grazie in Italy. The explanation this artistic creation is spread out the manner in which it is that Leonardo was attempting to broaden the room, to make it seem as though Jesus and his witnesses were sitting toward the finish of the eating lobby. This composition turned into a moment well known gem thinking about the strict parts of Christianity at the hour of its artistic creation and is viewed as puzzling by certain individuals to hold shrouded messages about the life of Christ and his adherents. The Last work of art of Da Vinci we will take a gander at is his own Self Portrait. The representation is attracted red chalk on paper. It portrays the leader of an old man in three-quarter see, turned towards the watchers right. The subject is recognized by his long hair and long waving whiskers which stream over the shoulders and bosom. The length of the hair and facial hair is extraordinary in Renaissance representations and recommends, as now, an individual of wisdom. The face has a fairly angular nose and is set apart by profound lines on the temple and pockets beneath the eyes. It shows up as though the man has lost his upper front teeth, causing developing of the furrows from the nostrils. The eyes of the figure don't draw in the watcher however look forward, hidden by the long eyebrows, with a feeling of seriousness or frustration. In the event that this is in reality a self-representation of Leonardo, his mentality may mirror the way that at this point his vocation was to a great extent behind him, and imaginative style was starting to desert him. The drawing has been attracted almost negligible differences, shadowed by bring forth and executed with the left hand, as was Leonardos propensity. The paper has earthy fox marks brought about by the gathering of iron salts because of dampness. It is housed at the Royal Library (Biblioteca Reale) in Turin, Italy, and isn't commonly distinguishable by the general population because of its delicacy and poor condition. This is only a little example of the work and the life of one of the most well known whether not the most popular craftsman on the planet. The entirety of his works have dazzled the workmanship network for a considerable length of time. This man likely formed and affected the absolute most noteworthy and most splendid individuals since the beginning. He is one of the most darling craftsman too he was extremely concentric in that it was workmanship in which thing he impacted as well as here we will simply discuss his specialty and how it helped shape the universe of today.

Essay --

Everybody is brought into the world with sexual want (Kalb). Subsequently, sex is now and then effective when utilized in publicizing to sell items since purchasers can without much of a stretch identify with its enticing worth (â€Å"Does Sex Really Sell?†). Sex in promoting is the utilization of unequivocal sexual substance or proposals so as to sell an assistance or item. It has been expressed that sex is one of the basic urges found in people, and â€Å"this fundamental, pre-modified aura to react to sexual symbolism is so solid, it has been utilized for more than 100 years in advertising† (Sugget). In any case, utilizing sex in publicizing to sell items is just fruitful if the correct gathering of individuals are focused on, the item is sex-related, or the promoting organization is famous and very much experienced enough to effectively utilize this showcasing procedure. Personalization and pertinence are significant segments when attempting to convey publicizing efforts that are fruitful. The fundamental and basic objective of numerous promoters is acquiring the consideration of the crowd that they are focusing on (Cyprus). As the web has improved in the course of the most recent 20 years, it has gotten a lot simpler for explicitly realistic material to discover its way into people’s homes. By focusing on the perfect individuals, sexual advertisements can now and again pull in the viewers’ consideration. For instance, sex is here and there progressively compelling when youngsters are the objective (â€Å"Does Sex Really Sell?†). Men are regularly pulled in to provocative symbolism in advertisements. Studies by well known magazines, for example, FHM and Maxim have demonstrated that semi-exposed and hot ladies on the magazine’s spread draw in men in excess of a magazine with an acclaimed male star on the spread would, regar dless of whether the popular male is somebody that the men might want to find out about. Men hereditarily react to explicitly provoca... ...for example, David and Victoria Beckham, Christiano Ronaldo, and Meagan Fox. In the interim, Nissan shows attractive ladies in swimming outfits in their advertisements. In 2011 watchers were frustrated to see a Nissan business highlighting an examination of a model wearing a swimsuit and a Nissan Juke one next to the other. Numerous individuals didn't discover the advertisement entertaining, guaranteeing that it was fairly misogynist, rather than attractive. These companies’ rationale is to exhibit how their items can help address consumers’ issues of adoration, want, closeness, and sentiment (Rogers). â€Å"We are sexual beings,† and hence, advertisers use consumers’ sexual driving forces furthering their potential benefit (Raszl). Sex has generally been a subject not discussed or straightforwardly examined, however today it is once in a while taken as a shock (â€Å"Does Sex Really Sell?†). It very well may be reasoned that in spite of the fact that sex doesn’t consistently sell, it unquestionably draws some type of consideration (Kalb).

Where is the Effin Waffle House - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Where is the Effin Waffle House - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Where is the Effin Waffle House? About 11 years ago, my wife and I were driving home after picking up our six year old son at my in-laws house, with him firmly strapped into his car seat in the back. As six year olds are prone to do, his discussion turned to bodily functions and a wonderful discussion about gas. My wife, raised as a proper southern woman, re-enforced the notion that one should not use the word fart, even going as far as to say remember, we do not use the F word. Of course, this turned into a wonderfully painful discussion about what other words he should not say, from the S word, the H word, and the other, dreaded F word. We finally made it through the words that should never be said talk, and focused on the drive home from Greensboro, GA to Athens. We had just reached the bridge crossing I-20, when from the back of the car we heard the statement Where is the effin Waffle House? My wife jerked her head around in horror and asked What did you just say? in a tone only a mother knows. My son grinned back at her and said Where is the effin Waffle House? She sat stunned, unable to speak, when he once more repeated Where is the effin Waffle House?, only this time pointing forward and up in the sky. My wife turned to look, and saw the Waffle House sign up ahead in the dark sky, with one of the Fs dark from a burned out light bulb. In other words, Where is the F in WAFFLE HOUSE? Luckily, I was able to keep the car on the road through all the laughter, but it was not easy. Why do I tell you this story? Just like with any other community, college admissions has their own vocabulary, and applicants need to make sure they understand what these words (such as Early Action, FAFSA, superscoring, etc.) mean. You dont want to think that you are hearing one thing, but in reality an admissions office is talking about something else.You want to make sure you know what is needed for each admissions office in order for the applicants file to be complete, how to apply for financial aid, and what the steps are from considering a college all the way through enrolling there. I even have a page on this blog called Admission Speak to help understand admissions terms. So when you work with any admissions office, make sure you are asking specific questions, make sure to submit things early in the process in case there is a problem, and make sure to use the sources at hand (status pages, your counselor, etc.), to insure that your application moves forward smoothly Go Dawgs!

Corporate Governance A Case of Kuwait Finance House - Free Essay Example

Corporate Governance: A case of Kuwait Finance House Contents Summary: Chapter 1: Introduction: Background of the study: Research objective: Research problem and question: Research source of data: Scope and limitation: Significance of study: Chapter 2: Literature review: Chapter 3: Research design: Sources of data: Purpose and research questions or null hypothesis: Sample size: Assumptions: Questionnaire: Bibliography . Summary: In this study we are going to have a look at the corporate governance of Kuwait finance house. As a market leader, it envisaged the revolutionary Financial Mall conception, placing partners such as credit card providers, telecommunication and insurance needs under one roof. The Financial Malls are providing customer-convenient services, personal financial advisors and queue beating automated systems. The paper aims to talk about the major impediment faced by Kuwait finance house and the conflicting interest of the shareholders with the interest of the managers became one of the main causes of the rise of need for corporate governance. The study can define its economy as it is an important edifice or pillar of Bahrain Economy. In the planned study descriptive research get used . Descriptive research studies are conducted when the characteristics of certain groups are to be described. In the study we will try to get at least 25-30 fully completed questionnaires. Many employees, customers and shareholders having many types of accounts are current, saving, loan, debit and credit card. Loan facilities, O/D facilities, and ATM facilities are following facilities is given more importance. It conducted recreational facilities for its customers or employees. The study recommends the banks to involve customers or customer representatives before investing on any internal growth. The bank recently added various technological upgrades with a view to give high level and latest upgrades service as required in the changing world of today. The study recommends the banks to involve customers or customer representatives before investing and the aim is to figure out the possible causes of conflict between the managers and shareholders and why there actually exist the need of corporate governance. Thus the bank has a separate clause in their objective mission statement that clearly defines the creation of wealth for the shareholders. The possible causes of conflict betwe en managers and shareholders will eventually affect the growth of total assets, shareholders equity and customer deposits, all are extremely important financial indicators for financial institutions. Chapter 1: Introduction: In this study we are going to have a look at the corporate governance of Kuwait finance house. It has developed to become the largest commercial bank in the Kingdom of Bahrain. For the past 35 years, it has introduced cutting-edge technologies providing customers with a wide variety of products ranging from individual banking services, treasury and investment, to innovative commercial-focused solutions. Background of the study: The Corporate governance is key need of present day world. The different interest of the people in the companies and expectation for the appropriate actions by the companies has led to the rise of the concept of corporate governance. Thus the conflicting interest of the shareholders with the interest of the managers became one of the main causes of the rise of need for corporate governance. In this case study we will take into view the Kuwait Finance House. Kuwait Finance house is one of the leading and respectable banks in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The bank offers commercial and investment banking facility. The bank was established in year 2002 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Kuwait Finance house, Kuwait. The bank became fully accomplices with the rules of Sharia and offers a variety of products and service as per the rules of Sharia. History shows that in the past decade it has seen an amazing transformation with development across all spheres be it technology, industry, educati on, health; as well as in the quality of life itself. We can hence summarize that in the world of finance, it have emerged as a truly world-class bank incorporating next generation technology, with an international presence and a wide local network. The bank recently added various technological upgrades with a view to give high level and latest upgrades service as required in the changing world of today. Thus the bank has the following objectives as mission. To provide customers with the latest technological upgrades and support to assist they well. To provide products and services as per the Sharia rules and principles. To create a wealth and asset for the shareholders. Thus the bank has a separate clause in their objective mission statement that clearly defines the creation of wealth for the shareholders. (Kuwait Finance House, 2014) Research objective: The aim of the research is to figure out the possible causes of conflict between the managers and shareholders and why there actually exist the need of corporate governance. Thus the objectives can be stated as below. Identifications of possible causes of conflict between managers and shareholders. Stating how corporate governance helps in decreasing the level of conflict between the managers and shareholders. Showing the importance of corporate governance. Research problem and question: The research questions include the questions regarding the interest of managers and shareholders in the company. Thus the following questions can be reached. How efficient is the corporate control in Kuwait finance house? How the conflict between interests actually rises in Kuwait Finance House? What factors affect the corporate governance effectiveness at in Kuwait finance house? Research source of data: The data will collected from primary sources in the form of a questionnaire that will be circulated on the managers and shareholders of the Kuwait finance house. The Secondary sources will include previous studies and researches, book and magazines, and online resources and other secondary sources which will also be utilized. Scope and limitation: The scope of the research is to identify the possible causes of conflict between the managers and shareholders and why there actually exist the need of corporate governance. The study will be conducted on Kuwait finance house. No other sample shall be used to conduct this research. The main limitation is that the researcher must submit the study results before the end of the course to pass the course requirement. The limitations of the study are summarized in the following: Small population and sample size utilized in the study. A short period during which the research must be done and submitted (one semester period). No funds to be utilized to conduct the study. Significance of study: The significance of the study is for the corporate governance of Kuwait finance house. That is it can understand the reason behind the trend of using the services. While it can identify their flaws and work together to end the drawbacks and bring back the common people for whom the service was actually started. The study is also significant for research for the academic students so that they can help officials identify their mistakes and work to improve them. Chapter 2: Literature review: Corporate governance is actually the allocation of ownership, its incentive schemes, and concerns regarding board of directors and consists of various market competitions. Thus it consists of all those matters that are related with the company. (Becher Campbell, 2004) Another definition is that corporate governance is a set of mechanism that helps the outsider that is the shareholders protect their interest from the insiders that is the managers. Thus it is a method through which the shareholders can safeguard their interest and thereon investment in the company. These way objectives are set, performance is monitored and preferred outcome is achieved by the shareholders. Literature has shown that there exist a number of challenges and issue related to corporate governance that should be addressed. Reviewed the presentation of non-financial corporation in United States and Asia which were non efficient enough to show their commitment and transparency toward corporate governance. Th ey found that the modern concepts related to the separation of management from the ownership have made the corporate governance an important issue in the present day world. There exist a big difference between those people who control the company and the one who finance it. Thus the organization system, practice and rules all together can help determine the relation between the two parties. The balance that is created will help in bringing the optimal outcome where both the investors and the managers would feel that their interests are accomplished. (Farinha, 2003) Found that the reason for conflict between the investors and the managers is due to the ownership mechanism. The value of a firm is of a great concern for the investors. Whereas achieving sales target and growth are some of the few objectives of managers. Thus the difference in the objectives results in the clash of the interest between the two groups of the company. The earlier tries to increase their wealth through the investment they have made, while the latter tries to accomplish company goals and achieve sustainable growth. Mentioned, that the publically listed companies and family controlled firms in Taiwan are among the best example which shows the conflicting interest of the investor and managers through corporate governance. Although these firms were run for the growth objective they showed lesser conflict among the owners and managers. Reason being that the work environment in Asia and Eastern countries is much different from the European and American markets. The increase in the number of foreign financial institutions in the local market increased the competition. Many banks ventured into lending business that are too perilous only to maintain their standing in the competitive market. John M. Mason (2012), Banks: How Safe Is the Banking System? The writer speaks about the commercial banking system prevailing in USA. The commercial banking system which prevails in USA does not found to be à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“out-of-woodsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  due to the fact that 15 largest banks out of the 19 largest banks have passed a stress test which was conducted by the Federal Reserve. The authors also insist that the gap between the estimated capital and the Federal Reserveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s capital must be understood by the healthy financial institutions. This gap identification was suggested by the customers of the banks. Mark to market accounting is the real problem faced by the financial institutions. Mark to market accounting is not preferred by the executives in the commercial banks. The basic reason behind this is the executives do not like to accept that they have done a mistake or they do not want to take high risks or they want to stay away from the cluttered issues. When the sourness of the loan, change in the interest rates and decline in the securities market value are the factors which leads to decline in the value of bank assets. In order to identify the perfor mance, the banks should mark their assets to market so that they would get the real pictures about the performance of bank and its solvency. (Mason, (2012)) H Reddy (2004), Global business and innovation in banking The author cites that the banking sector is known about the uncertainty, adopting the changes in the technology for developing their product and services to satisfy their customers. The opportunities of arbitrage are found everywhere which includes cheap settings and strategies which are related to business. The retail banking sector was examined in this study to find out how some banks earn sustainable profits than the other banks. The author suggests as banking is emerging as a commodity business it would be suitable to analyze the business strategies found in this dynamic sector. A study was set out to find the different positioning of a Delta Model and also to find the effect of fundamental interactions. The right business strategy is put into operation by analy zing customer targeting and operational effectiveness. (Reddy, (2004)) The author mentions that the banks which invented this method of doing business tasted greater success due to their preliminary success. The author further adds by luring away the customers they have become a successful player in the competitive market. In order to exhibit their ability in the big market some of the banks made clients to go for off shore deposits. The value of a firm is of a great concern for the investors. (Piesse et al., 2004) Chapter 3: This chapter emphasizes various research methods and tools used in the study. It also discuss about the data collection methods, tools used to gather data, research methodology and data analysis. Research design: The research is designed as a qualitative research type in the form of the questionnaires and other secondary sources of data. The attempt was made to keep the secrecy and clarify the questions to the respondent before the filling of the questionnaire. Moreover a questionnaire format will be built to get answers to the questions related to our topic corporate governance. Also the interview questions were designed to maintain secrecy of the identity of the person. In this research the researcher will use objective and subjective method both to analyze the present day situation in the KFH. Also an attempt will be made to know more about the corporate governance system working in the Bank. The intention here is to find out the causes of conflict and suggest a possible method to resort to the peaceful out comes. Thus the research is based on the concept of finding out various objectives of the company if accomplished through the corporate governance and if the peace is resorted between the conflicting interest of the managers and shareholders. Sources of data: There are two types of data in any research, primary and secondary data. In this report the researchers have used the primary source of data through distributing questionnaires along with a secondary source of data is used. Primary data: This is gathered through primary data research. In this paper the researcher held a survey via distribution of questionnaires of the study sample. This consists of original information collected for specific purpose. A researcher collects the data to study a particular problem. These data are the raw materials of the enquiry. Secondary data: This is gathered through secondary data research. In this paper the researcher used journals, survey reports, books and online resources. For instances, data collected during census operations are primary data to the department of census and the same data, if used by a research worker for some study are termed as secondary data. Here it deals with the research design, data sources, instrumentation, proced ure for gathering data and the data analysis. Purpose and research questions or null hypothesis: The purpose of the study is to figure out the possible causes of conflict between the managers and shareholders and why there actually exist the need of corporate governance. Thus the research question and Hypotheses are: Questions of the study How efficient is the corporate control in Kuwait finance house? How the conflict between interests actually rises in Kuwait finance house? What factors affect the corporate governance effectiveness at in Kuwait finance house? Hypotheses: There is an invert relationship between the effectiveness of corporate governance of the KFH and conflict of interest between managers and shareholders. There is a positive relationship between the effectiveness of corporate governance of the KFH and conflict of interest between managers and shareholders. There is a negative relationship between the effectiveness of corporate governance of the KFH and overall performance of KFH. There is a positive relationship between the effectiveness of corporate governance of the KFH and overall performance of KFH. Sample size: In the study we will try to get at least 25-30 fully completed questionnaires. Assumptions: The study measures the corporate control in Kuwait finance house; the conflict between interests actually rises in Kuwait finance house; the factor affect the corporate governance effectiveness at in Kuwait finance house and also looks at the challenges which the banks face. Questionnaire is the main instrument used to obtain primary data through a survey which provides an off-centre view of corporate governance of Kuwait finance house. To a certain extents the survey verifies the limitations and drawbacks faced by the corporate governance of Kuwait finance house. A subjective view point is obtained from the primary data. The facts get validated and the data from the internet acts as the secondary data. Questionnaire: Dear SirMadam, I am as a student doing a research on corporate governance of Kuwait finance house. It will be highly appreciated it you can help me find out the real cause behind the shift by responding to following questionnaire wisely. Gender: Male (b) Female Age: (a)19 to 25 years (b)26 to 35 years (c)35 to 50 (d)51 years and above Education: (a)Under Graduation (b) Masters (c) Higher Do you consider it as customer friendly? Yes (b) No (c) Not Aware Rank the major consumers? Institution/companies Individuals Building promoters/construction companies Government agencies Small contractors Do you have an account with KFH? (a) Yes (b) No What kind of account do you maintain? (a) Savings (b) Current (c) Credit card (d) Demit (e) Loan a/c What kind of facilities is given more importance? (a) ATM (b) O/D (c) Loan Does it conduct any recreation facilities for its customers or employees? (a) Yes (b) No Do the customers have the core banking facility? (a) Yes (b) No Do they charge unnecessarily for not maintain minimum balance in your account? Does it offer competitive service charges? (a) Yes (b) No Does it offer competitive interest rate? (a) Yes (b) No Do you prefer the service of alternative bank? (a) Yes (b) No What do you feel about overall service quality? (a)Excellent (b) normal (c) good (d) average (e) poor Would you recommend it to your friends, relatives, associates? (a) Yes (b) No When do you think of it what comes first in your mind? (a) Personal service (b) network(Wide branch) (c) Customer service (d) computerized banking (e) Core banking What would you like to suggest for the changes or improvement in any of the services provided by it? Thank you. Bibliography Becher, D.A. Campbell, T.L., 2004. Corporate governance of bank mergers. Journal of Financial Economics Volume 51 no. 3, pp.371-406. Farinha, J., 2003. Corporate Governance: A survey of the literature. Journal of Economics 118, pp.107-55. Kuwait Finance House, 2014. About us. [Online] Available at: https://www.kfh.bh/en/kuwait-finance-house/about-us.html. Mason, J.M., (2012). Banks: How Safe Is the Banking System? [Online] Available at: https://www.bullfax.com/?q=node-commercial-banks-how-safe-banking-system [Accessed 15 March 2014]. Piesse, J., Lien, Y. Filatochev, I., 2004. Corporate Goverance and Performance in Publically listed, Family controlled Firms: Evidence from Taiwan. London.: Kings College of London. Reddy, H., (2004). Global business and innovation in banking. [Online] Available at: dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/17882/56657909.pdf?. [Accessed 15 March 2014].

The Womens Suffrage Campaign - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 569 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/07/03 Category Law Essay Level High school Tags: Women's Suffrage Essay Did you like this example? Pros and Cons regarding the new amendment that our congress has passed. Women would be able to start up their own business or get their own job and have their own carrier without asking her marriage partner permission she would have more opportunities in this country but she could also have her own medical care transportation vehicles and more associations. The rights of the amendment are considered a bit weird and misunderstood but at the same time that could lead to less of equal gender rights. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Womens Suffrage Campaign" essay for you Create order But this also opens a door with enough space for the interpretation which is why those who look at the amendment U.S has passed say that it will take away some rights for women but while adding other rights for women. Women have been mistreated and not treated with the same rights as men until the amendment u.s congress has passed. The amendment established the right for women to vote it also gave women the right to have a say in this country. The amendment us congress passed was about equal rights and sexual equality. There werent really any downfalls to this amendment u.s congress passed it was more of an upgrade for sexual equality. The amendment gave women new opportunities and have their own careers and not be a stay home housewife. In my opinion I think women should have had rights of a man before the amendment even took place. Most of the federal law that doesnt agree on the equal rights of sex will be eliminated for good. The gender equality situation would start to become an illegal situation but as any preconception that is viewed on someones gender. Even though it wouldnt stop the society of the united states from keeping their personal views but it would shrink are the judgment of way how people take a look at the gender equality situation. It could also be a better perspective is to take an legal enforce on anyone who disobeys. Now its true by adding equal rights to the fourteenth amendment in the constitution would cause a miraculous amount of changes with the laws the government has given us. Now this also puts women in danger like laws that so a point of view of discarding the rule/law that puts women to working in mining jobs except for a type of working space environment for an example an office. This also could cause problems in the constitution like one of the major concerns is that it could influence the way laws are being made. If it ever comes to women working in mines they would be opposed to danger even though the men have had more experience with their careers more than women. Now ask yourself this would a high pay be worth it another con is that is the people that support the amendment of the U.S congress passed but however it was viewed as any other of the states but we will still have the authority to put the provisions of the document. Now the way they are doing it is the same way as their doing it with the thirteenth and fourteenth amendment or any other of various amendments that were already made. They also will have about seven hundred and thirty days to make a variety of changes to any law that points out violence towards the gender equality disagreement.

Power Plus Strength And Conditioning System - 1265 Words

Power Plus Strength and Conditioning System Hello, I m Brian McGinty trainer/owner of PowerPlus. I want to inform you of our new and innovative training system. Our system is catered around biomechanics. In the last three years, we ve had staggering results in our sports training. Within a couple of months, we dropped 100-meter times 8/10 of a second and increased bat speeds four to seven miles. We increased vertical jumps up to seven inches in multiple athletes. In a few month’s time, we also increased throwing velocity five miles. We accomplished these incredible feats by using our modern, functional training system. We are currently working with NFL athletes and we want to spread the word to others in the†¦show more content†¦We are against this concept. Science has proven that when you bulk a muscle, it loses it s elastic qualities. As a result, the center of the muscle is shortened, balled up, and pulled away from connective tissue which connects/holds muscles to the joints. This is called muscle hypertrop hy. Science has shown that it can have an adverse effect on athletic movement. This puts more stress on the ligaments and tendons and causes muscular imbalances. Compare the way a human body is made to a trampoline. A trampoline has a webbing or net in the middle which we jump on. All of the focus and attention is usually on the net, similar to how most of the attention is usually put on the size of the athlete s muscles. But what is actually firing or creating most of the power? Is it the webbing or the springs? Think about it, the springs that are connected to the skeleton of the trampoline are actually absorbing most of the shock applied to the trampoline. The springs reverse that energy and catapults a person high into the air. So we have a net, that is connected to a spring, that is connected to the skeleton of the trampoline.The human body is made the same way. We have muscles that are attached to ligaments and tendons that are connected to skeletal bone. Our philosophy of power is this: plyometrics has proven to be the best way to improve muscle elasticity and connective tissue strength. There is also a timing that comes along with plyometricShow MoreRelatedFive Important Scientific Discoveries1699 Words   |  7 PagesWhat does Science really mean? Science refers to a system of acquiring knowledge. This system uses observation and experimentation to describe and explain natural phenomena. The term science also refers to the organized body of knowledge people have gained using that system. Less formally, the word science often describes any systematic field of study or the knowledge gained from it. (Science Made Simple, Inc., 2006). 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One such reason being that after puberty, the female nerve/muscle systems adapt slower than men’s. Also, women have stiffer knees than men, therefore placing more pressure on the ligaments (Boden). While non-athletes do not require surgery for this injury, athletes, however, must undergo surgery and extensive rehabilitationRead MoreEssay about Mental Rehearsal Key to Improving Athlete Performance1706 Words   |  7 Pagesin nature, and thus effect the desired results in a positive or negative way. In order for an athlete to see the results they desire, their visualization has to be in a positive manner. â€Å"†¦-if you really believe tha t the things you say to yourself, plus the images you hold in your head, have little to do with how events play out-it may explain why success has eluded you,† (Greene, 64). The perspective an athlete places on his or her mental imagery determines the success they have in reaching their

Physical Inactivity And Its Impact On Individual Level...

In the U.S., physical inactivity is a leading cause of preventable deaths and all-cause mortality (Danaei et al., 2009; Oguma, Sesso, Paffenbarger Lee, 2002) and is associated with increased relative risk of developing a number of chronic diseases such as breast cancer, diabetes and heart disease (Bull et al., 2004; Jeon et al., 2007; Steindorf et al, 2013). While research on the promotion of physical activity has historically been on the impact of individual-level behavioral interventions, there has been substantial progress in identifying the role of policymaking in creating population-wide health improvements (Brownson et al., 2007; Eyler et al., 2010; Frank Kavage, 2009; Humpel, Owen, Leslie, 2002). Fundamentally, the links between modifying the social and built environment on the determinants and causes of physical inactivity have been solidly established in the empirical literature (Kahn et al., 2002). As a result of the increasing evidence of the effectiveness of such publi c policy interventions, the Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Institutes of Health (NIH), and Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) recommend these as a means of increasing physical activity in communities. Nevertheless, there is a gap between researchers and policymakers and a lack of policy-relevant research, which also contributes to the research-policy gap (Brownson et al., 2006; Choi, 2005). Little is also known about how to quantify levels of policyShow MoreRelatedBrief Description Of Public Policy953 Words   |  4 PagesPart A: Brief description of public policy †¢ Policy refers to a distinct path of action that is suitable for the pursuit of desired goals within a particular context, directing the decision-making or behavior of an organization or individual. 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Importance Of Cell Phone Safety Essay - 1056 Words

The cell phone safety In spite of the fact that cell phones convey a few expediency and advantages to our lives, they additionally have some possibly unsafe impacts. Disclosure of cell phones has been one of the critical technological progress lately. A portion of these effects has contributed emphatically to our lives, yet at the same time, others have affected contrarily. The cell phones have had a noticeable effect on the social life of individuals. In any case, cell phones have accompanied adverse consequences for people lives. One is that mobile phones have impacted relational connections and social collaborations adversely. cell phones have expanded inclinations of using it while driving on roads, which is lead to deadly†¦show more content†¦It is irresponsible behavior using the cell phone while driving, it cost the people lives for usually not important conversations. As everybody may know, mobile phones are extremely distracting. When driving, the last thing the people need is to be distracted by a cell phone, according to Qiao, â€Å"Texting while driving is highly prevalent among adolescents and young adults in the United States. Texting while driving can significantly increase the risk of road crashes and is associated with other risky driving behaviors. Most states have enacted distracted driving laws to prohibit texting while driving.† Texting and driving are not just distracting the driver, but also put the other lives in danger. Focusing on roads while driving safe the people lives. People are in an expanded hazard for antagonistic health impacts from mobile phone radiation. Cell phones cause electromagnetic radiation, which causes disease in the human body. In the current investigation by researchers, mobile phones are demonstrated to cause brain cancer. According to Rosch, â€Å"more than two-thirds of independent studies did find biological effects, including changes in DNA that have been linked to cancer, as well as a significant increase in temperature and malignant tumors in brain tissues close to the ear the cell phone was applied to.†. When people utilizing a cellShow MoreRelatedThe Modern Expansion of Cellular Phone Use1571 Words   |  7 PagesCellular Phone Use The Modern Expansion of Cellular Phone Use Over a decade ago the house phone was such a remarkable advancement where it provided a person to call places over thousands of miles away. Then the ease and comfort of wireless phones came out. Now, the invention of cellular phones (a mobile telephone) is an excellent device to do business or call out for help when you need to. 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The ideas of importance in this essay are as follows: Marxism, Panopticism, and Globalization. The movies that shall be examined, in relation to the ideas listed above, are as follows: Beijing Bicycle, The Hung er Games, and Fahrenheit 451. Capitalism, the embodiment of theRead MoreThe Merits And Merits Of Media Coverage Of Terrorism Essay1607 Words   |  7 Pagesearth in a just in time moment and what sort of picture, opinion, fear, excitement, education and information does the global village make of this as presented by media platform. The purpose of this essay is to discuss the merits and de-merits of media coverage of terrorism. It is of paramount importance to make a briefing on the origins of terrorism, terrorism and the society. The merits include; the ability of terrorists to reach out to the masses quickly, the profit gained by the media, the symbiotic

Levis Business Report Free Essays

REPORT FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LEVIS STRAUSS LADIES’ JEANS FOR EDGARS RETAIL STORES To Directors of Edgars, This report serves to provide information about Levis Strauss Jeans which we wish to sell through your retail stores, Edgars. Levis Strauss is a clothing line which has the potential to become very popular, especially once our new line of ladies’ jeans is introduced into the market. Target Market Although the target market for our Jeans is limited to women, the popularity and demand for Jeans is increasing by the day. We will write a custom essay sample on Levis Business Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now The consumers would be able to wear Jeans in a casual manner with a shirt for their every day errands, and they would also be able to wear them slightly more dressed up with a blazer for work. Jeans are a piece of clothing that are worn by every class of people for almost every occasion and this would put us at an advantage in the current market. Previously, Jeans were thought to be only for workers, cowboys, etc. However, the consumer demand has shifted from the durability of jeans to the fashion of jeans. Materials Used The materials needed to make the jeans would be denim, cotton, zips buttons, rivets and thread for embroidery of the brand name. These can be obtained with ease around South Africa which will lower our cost price as we will not need to import materials in order to produce the jeans. This will allow us to provide the jeans at a lower and more competitive price, therefore attracting more consumers to your stores. Possible Challenges and Strategies One of the challenges that we, as the manufacturers of the jeans, face is the threat of new entrants into the market and the threat of substitutes. Our generation consists of many young, innovative and enthusiastic designers who could possible introduce a new brand of denim jeans into the market. This could also tie in with the threat of substitutes as there are literally hundreds of lines that offer jeans as one of their products such as Guess, Sissy Boy, Free 2 b U, and RT to name but a few. In order to overcome this challenge we would need to ensure that our product has a high level of differentiation, meaning that it would need to stand out against the other brands of denim jeans. We could do this by using edgy advertisements. For example, women wearing nothing but the jeans themselves but with shadows covering the necessities such as breasts etc. This will attract women to the jeans as it implies that the jeans will give them sex appeal. We would also need to emphasise what makes our jeans different by showing their authenticity, originality, variety, quality, and their unique fit. Our jeans are also offered at a premium price and would be easily accessible to consumers as many people shop at Edgars stores. It could also be emphasised that our jeans are classic yet still modern and they can be worn for comfort as well as style. Table showing substitutes chosen if Levis Jeans were not available (Calculated on 120 respondents) Brand| Percentage of Respondents| Sissy Boy| 61%| Guess| 15%| Free 2 b u| 17%| RT| 7%| Levis Jeans can be considered as a style instead of just a fashion or a trend. A fashion and a trend grow slowly in the market but eventually the sales begin to decline. It is considered a style as, although jeans may not always be the most popular choice of clothing, they will always come back into fashion and have the potential to make a come-back in the market of the fashion industry. Another possible challenge would be that our brand could struggle internationally and this could affect its popularity locally. However, we have adopted the motto â€Å"think local and act global†. This ensures the potential consumer that the product is of good quality yet it can still be sold at a competitive and reasonable price. There have been some complaints of our jeans tearing in some places on Hello Peter, however, we have made an effort to strengthen our product physically by improving our production process and testing the strength of certain garments in a batch to ensure that the products provided are of the highest quality possible Conclusion After careful market segmentation, efforts in improving the product and in-depth analysis of the market, we believe that our product would be a valuable addition to your range of products sold at your retail stores. With careful marketing strategies, innovative thinking and continuous attention given to the consumer needs, Levis Strauss could add to your store’s success. Please consider our proposal favourably. Regards, Kirsty Smit – Levis Strauss CEO References: * http://www. scribd. com/doc/31538621/Project-report-on-starting-a-new-business-Comfort-Jeans * http://www. madehow. com/Volume-1/Blue-Jeans. html * http://www. uvm. edu/~shali/Levi. pdf * http://www. cleanclothes. org/betterbargain/946-case-file-levi-strauss-a-co * http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Levi_Strauss All of the above websites were visited on the 4th of October 2012. How to cite Levis Business Report, Essay examples

Achilles and Hector free essay sample

Before, we go any further in making an in-depth analysis of our two great let us consider the literary work that placidly described their valor. In order for us to appreciate the heroism and valor of our two great Greek warriors, we have to establish and understand the milieu and the type of culture that they have. We need to know the impetus that caused the very long war so that we could have a better appreciation of their heroism and valor. Achilles was a great warrior who joined the Achaean forces against the Trojans. On the other hand, Hector was the valiant defender of the Trojans. They were all in the long narrative epic poem of f Homer, a well known classical poet of the ancient Greeks. The etymology of the title, The Iliad was derived from the Greek word Illios (Cummings, 2003) and adding a 2-letter at the end to signify that it pertains to the former.    Thus, the meaning of the title actually provided an overview of what the book was about something that pertains to Troy (Cummings, 2003). This epic focused more on the story of Achilles, the greatest Greek hero and his repugnancy against his fellow Greek warrior Agamemnon when the latter took his beautiful prize and how he drew back from fighting the Trojans armies. His desire for vengeance was intensified when his beloved companion Patroclus, was killed by the most valiant among the Trojans – Hector. He joined and led the Greek troops once again and killed that famous warrior who killed his dear friend. The war continued through a series of battles between the two tribes as well consistent meddling of the capricious gods and goddesses. It finally ended with the death of Hector and the humiliation of his corpse in the Greek camp. It also narrated how Priam, the clement king of Troy, humbly requested Achilles to return the body of his son (Homer Rouse, 1999). The Trojan War and its roots The Trojan War was the most devastating war in the ancient history of the Greeks. It all started when the goddesses Hera, Aphrodite and Athena had an altercation. To resolve this, they asked Paris to choose who among them was the most alluring. As conceited as it may seem, the goddesses resolved to offer bribe to Paris if he chose them. Of all the three, Paris declared that Aphrodite was the fairest of them all. In exchange, she will make the most beautiful woman in the mortal world to fall in love with him. However, that woman was already married in Greece to a Spartan king, Menelaus. Her name was Helen. Paris disguised as a diplomat. It was said that with the intervention of the gods, Helen immediately fell in love with Paris and absconded with him to Troy. Since this was derision to a Spartan and even all the Greeks, Menelaus recalled an old oath of the other Greek kings that they would protect his marriage to Helen. He summoned all the kings in Greece to organize a war against Troy and get Helen back (Cummings, 2003). Most of the kings were hesitant going to the war. Achilles was even befuddled to appear like a woman so that he will not have to join the war. However, their guises were soon found and they had no choice but to join this war to honor their oath. They formed by the versant leaders and their men were the finest warriors in the land who set out for war to regain the dignity not simply of the Spartans but of Greece in general. They all set out and traveled to Troy and the Trojan War began. It continued for years and nobody even retreated (Gale, 2008, pp. 14-19). During the process, internal conflict between the Greeks began to arise especially when Agamemnon took Briseis, the beautiful prize of Achilles. The latter decided to recede and simply let his comrades continue the fight. The other Greeks continued the fight. One day, his dear friend Patroclus even borrowed his escutcheon to fight the Trojan armies. On the other hand, the Trojan soldiers were so determined to fight as well. Through the help of the gods on their side, they never surrendered. They were led by Paris and Hector. Hector was the most brave and inspired warrior among the Trojans. He was their hero and defender. He fought vigorously and killed a lot of Greeks including Achilles’ dearest friend, Patroclus. This event as well his accord with Agamemnon made Achilles decide to go back and fight his counterpart, Hector. The Greeks were on a losing side. None of his men could defeat the mighty Trojan hero. He set out the arena to fight not for Helen but for his friend, Patroclus and for the Greek soldiers who died. Hector, upon hearing that his real match was coming, commanded all his soldiers to retreat and he will have a one-on-one combat with his obverse. He was excellent in using spear and in attacking his enemies. He was able to defend his land against the Greeks for many years because of his good military strategies and strength. On the other hand, Achilles was also a good fighter and leader. Aside from that, he was also invulnerable since her mom had bathed him in River Styx when he was young. The only vulnerable part of him was his heel which was not washed because his mother was holding it. They fought for several rounds until Achilles was able to kill Hector (Homer Rouse, 1999) Out of his rage, he dragged his body toward the Greek camp and to the tomb of his friend Patroclus. Priam, on the other hand, pleaded Achilles to return the body of his son for it to have a decent burial as a custom of the Trojans (Zanker, 1996, p.116). A truce was created as the Trojan mourned for the death of their hero (Homer Rouse, 1999). The death of the mighty leader, Hector, caused a fracture in the walls of Troy that eventually led to their downfall after losing a wise and strong warrior. Afterwards, the battle continued. Albeit the soldiers and the citizens of Troy were tired and weary of the war, they still continued to fight for vengeance for the comrades killed and for their nation. Achilles was very successful and won the battles. However, the new leader of the Trojan warriors, Paris, was determined to avenge his brother’s death. With the assistance from the gods on his side, he struck an arrow towards the heel of Achilles that caused a mortal wound that killed him instantly (Kennedy, n.d., p.6 ). Achilles Achilles was born mortal. He was the son of Peleus, a King of Myrmidons and Thetis, a sea nymph. Her mother really wanted her to be immortal. She dipped the infant Achilles in the mystical River Styx so that her child would grow invincible. However, what she forget overlooked was the fact that she had not immersed her son fully in the water. She was holding her son’s ankles while she dipped him in the water. Thus, the heels remained dry and vulnerable (Gale, 2008, pp. 52-56).. He grew up in Mount Pelion. He was under the custody of Cheiron, an astute centaur who taught him on how to survive the mountain and develop his skills and abilities. He was taught how to catch animals and survive the wild. He developed skills such as swiftness and agility. However, his training also made him fierce and impetuous ( Kennedy, M.D., n.d., p.4). After his training in the mountain, he was sent back to his abode and was tutored by Phoenix. Through his new guide, Achilles learned to develop skills, strength and courage. He also met his loyal and trustworthy friend, Patroclus. They became so close and vowed to protect each other. It can be deduced that Achilles had sense of loyalty with his friends. It was this vow that motivated him to kill the proud Hector ( Kennedy, M.D., n.d., pp. 4-5). When the war was being conceptualized and a prophecy was made that Achilles would be the greatest warrior that would save the Greeks from the Trojans. Thus, he was searched far and wide by other warriors to convince him to join them. He was even concealed as a girl by her mother but his character as a warrior prevailed. He was attracted to weapons and was ready to fight when the enemies arrived. He was always true to his promise. His virtues and honor matter more to him. That was the reason why even if he does not really like to go on a war, he still pursued and led the army and won several wars for the Greek. The skills that he had developed through the process actually gave him a great advantage in warfare not to mention that he was invulnerable. He defeated a lot of Trojan tribes. He is also agile and has a very good leadership (Gale, 2008, pp. 14-19). Aside from battle image of Achilles, it can also be noted that he is a very passionate and sensitive person. He loved to listen to the sound of the musical instruments. He also treasured his prize so much. He would go the extra of withdrawing himself from his comrades when that prize was taken away from him. However, it is evident that he is obedient and respectful to authority. Despite his grudge against Agamemnon, he still respected his decision and surrendered his price. He still respected and obeyed Agamemnon being his superior. He is also kind towards his colleagues but fierce and ruthless towards his enemies. He was also loyal to friends. He would not let the death of a friend pass without avenging the killer (Homer Rouse, 1999). He was easily moved with pity and compassion when he allowed the old king of Troy to carry his dead son back home (Zanker, 1996, p.116). The strength and prowess of Achilles was incomparable. Nobody could defeat the Greeks as long as Achilles was present. He survived and won a lot of war unwounded because he was invulnerable and the enemies were unaware of his weak side. Only Paris was able to discover that this great man killed a thousand soldiers without any bruise only to die because of a wound in a heel (â€Å"Achilles†). Hector Hector was the eldest son of the king of Troy, Priam and Hecuba. He was married to the beautiful lady Andromache and they have a son named Astyanax.   He was very devoted son and husband (â€Å"Hector†). He was the mightiest hero of the Trojan during the war. He was loved by the gods and even by his countrymen because of his sacrifices (Zanker, 1996, p. 115). When his troops were pressured on the field, he was compelled to go back to send news to his family and to the families of his men. He asked them to make an offering to the gods on their sides. When he arrived in their house, he was pleaded by her mother not to go back to the war because he might be killed. He did not heed nor drank anything. Instead he summoned his brother to assist them in the war. There was a dramatic scene when he was asked by Helen to wait for his brother but instead he wanted Paris to go ahead since he had to see his family for the last. He had a feeling that it would be the last time that he is going to see them (Gale, 2008, pp. 52-56). When he went back, he discovered that his wife was too worried about him that she hysterically went to the gates to get news from him. When they met, he saw her carrying their son and was crying. She warned Hector that his bravery would lead him to his grave. She broke the news that Achilles was very invincible and he had killed her kin. She pleaded him to stay for her and their son’s sake. However despite heis beloved wife’s plea, Hector’s commitment to serve his countrymen prevailed. He would rather die than witness his family enslaved by the Greeks. Sensing that it might be his last chance to be with his family, he hugged his son tightly and prayed to the gods that his son be protected and become greater than him (Gale, 2008, pp. 52-56). Conclusion If we are going to juxtapose the characteristics of Achilles vis-à  -vis Hector, it is evident that they are quite similar in some ways. They are the strongest among their tribes. They would be an equal match. They are both strong-willed and determined. They are loyal to their tribes and would not accept defeat without fighting for it. They are ruthless to enemies but helpful and protective to their men. They would not let anybody stain their honor and dignity. In the epic, when the Greek forces killed a lot of Trojan workers, Hector stood up and took revenge. He would not let his enemies reach the walls of Troy. Achilles felt the same. When his friend was killed, he stood up and sought revenge. He was filled with anger. And this anger would only be appeased with Hector’s blood, the blood of his friend’s killer. On the other hand, instead of anger, Hector was filled with arrogance that he is going to meet his real match when his fight with Achilles began. No Greek leader or warrior could defeat him and he was proud of it. However, when rumors came that the greatest hero of the Greeks could defeat him, he was challenged. Out of the spur-of-the moment, he even ordered his soldiers to back- off. Well his reason is unknown .It could be a decision made out of passion that he don’t want his soldiers to be killed by the mighty Achilles or he simply wanted to fulfill his ardent desire to fight his equal match alone. As a leader, it can be said that they are both effective. They have their own styles of leadership. It can be deduced that they could handle their soldiers very well based on the battles they have. They also have good strategies in warfare. They are not only good leaders but also good followers. Achilles obeys his commander Agamemnon even if he knew he was stronger than him. Hector was also obedient o his father. He went to warfare to protect his father’s kingdom. Even if they stand out from the rest, it cannot be denied that they are not perfect. Their characters and values still reflect the weak spots of being a human. They both cannot handle their emotions well. They react impulsively based on their emotion. They make rash decisions because they felt bad. Hector ordered his soldiers to retreat and let him face Achilles alone. Achilles, out of anger dragged Hector’s dead body with hiss chariot and brought it to his friend’s grave. Afterwards, he was moved by his father’s passion for his son that he even gave the body back to his family (Zanker, 1996, p.116). With all the similarities mentioned, they also have differences. Though it was not clearly mentioned whether Achilles had a son or a family, Hector was pointed out to be a family man. His real priority was his family. That was his motivation for fighting the Greeks. He wanted to protect his family and his people against the invaders. In the epic, he longed for his wife and family but despite their pleas for him to stay, he still went to war. Behind the proud and scary armor that he was wearing, was an image of a nostalgic husband and father (Gale, 2008, pp. 52-56). On the other hand, Achilles went to the war simply to honor his oath. He went to the war for glory and power. His struggle to leave was not because he had a family. His desire was to seek vengeance and show off his strength (Cummings, 2003). The other side of Achilles also reflected his soft side that he is pitiful and loving. He was kind to his comrades and also loved peace. He would not fight out of whim but of vengeance (Zanker, 1996). Achilles and Hector are both fine and strong soldiers. They are the greatest heroes of the Trojan. However, they were mere victims in that situation. They were locked in a war that they had no choice but fight against one another. The moral of their story simply showed that no matter how great you are, no matter how perfect you may seem, there will still be another person who could discover and attack your weak spot. The mighty and invincible Hector was killed by Achilles. But Achilles’ glory was simply cut short when he was killed by Paris, the instigator of the Trojan War (Kennedy, n.d. p.5). References The Iliad: Homer, Rouse, W.H.D. 1999. The Iliad. New York: Signet Classic Gale, A.C. 2008. Achilles a Hector. Unknown: BiblioBazaar, LLC Kennedy, M.D. n.d. Encyclopedia of Greco-Roman mythology. California: BBC-CLIO â€Å"Achilles.† The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Retrieved April 22, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Achilles.html Hector. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Retrieved April 22, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Hector.html Homer, Microsoft ® Encarta ® Online Encyclopedia 2009. Retrieved April 22, 2009 from http://encarta.msn.com Zanker, G. 1996. The Heart of Achilles: Characterization and Personal Ethics in the

Ecological Modernization and Environmental State †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Ecological Modernization and Environmental State. Answer: Introduction Planning is considered as a political process that requires public actions and have an impact on the built and natural environment. It has to balance different interests, demands and views of the stakeholders. Planning leads to fundamental changes in the way people can experience their cities. Decision-makers have to deal with the future of planning issues to achieve the smart, creative and sustainable cities (Legacy Leshinsky 2015). The relationship between the cities and citizens have always been inspired and managed by the challenging knowledge of the contemporary planning. Hall (2014), blames governments for their bureaucratic practices that hindered creativity in half a century or more. Also, he warns from the narrow view that limits creativity and innovation in planning according to the social transition and adapts to the changes in the environmental sustainability. In order to answer a critical question about what could be done to make good planning, different aspects should be considered, including the complex social, economic and environmental challenges that confront the urban growth and building cities. Campbell (2012), argues that the world is complex, chaotic, uncertain and full of inequalities the relationship between knowledge and action is important to the theory of planning and practice. As the population grows, the development pressure increases and the land available for easy protection decreases. The protected land allows citizens to continue to exist. It could be divided into two groups according to their distance from the metropolitan areas. The areas near to the metropolitan areas usually enjoy high political support. But people in rural areas are considered the major reason for the urban expansion and depopulation of the rural areas(Hamin 2002). The interest in the role of regional and local entities in growth management has witnessed an increase in the last decade. The local agencies were created to protect open spaces, manage urban growth and coordinate between the efforts of individual counties Bengston et al. (2004). The following section discusses the literature review of urban growth management. It starts with the measurement and comparison between the local plans policy content and the development controls, then it discusses the urban regulation, housing supply and affordability, followed by the problems of urban space and the contemporary planning approaches and finally it investigates the housing and urban reform under neoliberalism. Measuring and comparing the policy content of local plans and development controls Local plans are considered common tools among the world countries, unlike the different approaches that deal with the development control and planning issues. The local plans are usually conducted by the local authority governed by the regulatory framework and imposed by the top levels in the state. Significant results were achieved from the comparison between the plans implemented by the local authorities and the physical outcomes on the ground. Testing this assumption was made by the plan evaluation research in order to measure the conformance of the outputs of the planning process. The evaluation research could be done through content analysis or surveys (Gurran, Gilbert Phibbs 2015). Another dimension to the planning process is the participation approach, it involves public participation of a variety of citizens. It is expected that the participation presents the community interests in a democratic way. To ensure that the participation is effective, it must have breadth and dept h through the involvement in every stage of the process of policymaking. Breadth measures the extent to which the community members can have the opportunity to participate in the policymaking process. The depth reflects the extent to which the participants can control the final policy outcomes (Conroy 2004). A proposed model of urban growth boundary by Ding et al. (1999) assumes that the trend of urban growth involves a continuous cycle of urban growth. As the urban growth boundary leads to absorption of the infrastructure capacity and limitation of the growth. Local governments can impose adjusted urban growth boundary discretely. This model provides a good instrument for the delivery of public services in the cases that marginal cost pricing is unavailable. This model did not describe if it has a significant distribution that leads to an increase in the social welfare. Urban regulation, housing supply and affordability Gurran Whitehead (2011) argue that the link between the land planning strategies and the housing price rates are due to the formulation of the strategic spatial policies. These policies take place through land, infrastructure, procurements and coordination that leads to increased housing prices. The argument of Gurran Whitehead (2011) leads us to think about the political controversy and its effect on the housing consumption and production levels. The political theories of regulatory capture assist in explaining the reasons that lead the policy makers to take actions that seem to be against the public interest. The capture theory assumes that the political intervention is not enough to solve the problems of market failures as the monopoly behaviour, the destructive use of private economic power and high competition (Gurran Phibbs 2015). Reher (2012), relates the growth in urban planning to the implication of the demographic transition that lead to the social and economic changes. Some of these changes took place on the aggregate level of the society and others have affected the individuals only, as follows: Fertility reduction leads to changes in the age structure that affects the relative proportion of young and working age population. It also yields a long life generation, small family size and reduced production period. The periods of high population growth in most cases coincide with waves of migration that create pressure and shape the world socially and economically. The longer life expectancy has resulted in greater investments in the human capital in terms of better education and health. Bertinelli Strobl (2007) have considered the connection between the urban conglomerates and the economic development in the developing countries, as they have evolved from agricultural to manufacturing and service economy. He has discussed the costs associated with people concentration in cities called the 'congestion costs'. Sustainability issues and environmental problems led the planners to consider the importance of the green belt. Experts have led the top-down approach of the state-led planning since the 1950s. The concern of planners towards the environment has shifted from the preservation of the landscape to a technocratic concern. Sustainability leads to ecological preservation of green spaces. On the other hand, the concept of social justice argues that the green belt restricts the development and could harm the society. The land supply is likely to shrink and causes shortage in housing supply and leads prices to increase (Amati Taylor 2010). These arguments lead to the dilemma of advocating the environmental sustainability and the availability of affordable housing. Schuetz et. al, 2011, has discussed the idea of inclusionary housing and the governmental regulations associated with it. This approach focuses on the necessity of offering affordable housing across local areas or in certain regions. Public grants and incentives, including a tax credit for low-income zones, are considered the sources of finance to the affordable housing. To ensure fairness, the main characteristics of the inclusionary zone programs determine the rate of the effective tax and its impact on the prices of housing land and housing production in the inclusionry zones. Some of these programs are planned to apply to the residential developments broadly and other programs are a grant for basic areas of development selected according to the land space, structure and the project size. As the amount of dispensations increase, the lower the strictness the inclusionary zones program will be and the lower the tax rate in comparison with programs with no exemptions. Gurran Ruming (2016), argue that the voluntary incentive models that deals with the provision of the affordable housing depend on market actors that are hard to be predicted. The planning system is considered as an important mechanism to ensure that the affordable housing is well located in relation to the availability of other social services and employment opportunities. Urban space problems and contemporary planning approaches The governments have tried to find ways to deal with the implications of the global economic crisis by using different mechanisms to deal with them. The social, economic and cultural changes should be considered as the economic crisis has affected nonindustrial areas. Accordingly, cities have to think differently and create new ways to deal with the new changes creatively. Urban planning focuses on land use more than the social dynamics that take place in cities. According to Deffner Vlachopoulou (2011), the main idea of creative cities is about the method used in the urban strategic planning and the way the citizens plan, think and live in these cities. This type of cities connects the planning process to the urban culture, leisure, media and activities. Urbanization cannot exist without industrialization. The concept of modernization involves the structural and institutional processes of transforming from traditional methods of production to modern methods that reflect the ways of life. Modernization takes place through the economic development that encourages the social and political development. The two basic tools adopted by the modernization schools of thought are evolutionary perspective and the functionalist approach. The evolutionary perspective assumes that the social changes that affect the urbanization are unidirectional and gradual. On the other hand, the functionalist approach argues that as the transformative changes take place, the values transform from traditional to modern through advancement in technology and the economic activities and values that lead to the industrialization of societies (Zhang 2002; Cohen 2004) Urbanization is considered a vital measurement to the level of economic development and the modernization as well in a certain region or country. It is a dynamic process for creating a prosperous economy. It is a phenomenon that combines several economic or social factors that emerge as a result of the development of the social productivity. The acceleration of the process of urbanization is considered as a strategic initiative required to conduct a scientific concept and reduce the gap between the urban and rural development. According to Li Qin (2014), there are two evaluation methods of urbanization, represented in the single and the complex index methods. The method of single index is used in calculating the urban population proportion and the urban land proportion. The research reveals that although the single index method is easy to be calculated, it has a limited significance as it reflects the quality results instead of the process of transformation to urbanization. It is cl ear that the urbanization process is the process of citizens, economic, ecological and social transformation. The complex index depends on several factors including, the social, economic and cultural factors that measure the changes in the urbanization level through a quantitative and a quality index system. Nielsen (2014), has indicated in his research the idea of the role of the political economy of smart growth. It involves the examination of the organizations and vital actors related to the development process. Planning strategies that focus on building vertical, mixed-use and high-density buildings. It includes residential and commercial mixture spaces that reduce the use of horizontal and separated spaces. This type of buildings allocation the bottom floor to commercial occupation and it is usually found in modern cities and downtown. Logan Molotch (2007), introduces the theory of growth machine that discusses on the urban growth through the examination of the relationship between the business elites seeking to maximize their profits and the government that seeks to raise the public revenues through the urban development. Both of the two actors of the growth machine share a common interest in the urban growth that could be measured through the economic output and the building performance. Smith Floyd (2013), concern towards Logan and Molotchs theory of the growth machine, they assume that the major benefit of the growth machine is the maximization of urban rents that represent the collective interest. The neoclassical theories of economic agglomeration do not consider the government role in urban areas. They assume that cities are the result of the mixture of the individuals and profit-oriented organizations that seek to maximize the exchange values. As a result, the public open areas hinders the production effi ciencies that could be obtained from the increased urban density. The smart growth requires more diverse technical experts, there is a need for other players rather than the entrepreneurs. The required expertise is needed to create more financially feasible projects (Nielsen 2014). In contrast, the ecological modernization theory debates the environmental issues, as the shift in the modernization process could yield in severe problems to the environment. The ecological modernization requires that the planning process have to consider three elements represented in; first: institutional reflexivity, second: entrepreneurs that act as ecological restructuring and third: a framework that provides the rules of the smart environmental. The origin of this theory goes back to the social and institutional practices that took place due to the environmental deterioration since the mid of the 1980s in Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands (Mol Spaargaren 2002). Housing and urban reform under neoliberalism Neoliberalism started as a political-economic movement in various advanced countries during the the period (1970s and 1980s). According to Gurran Ruming (2016) and Forrest Hirayana (2009), this movement had several implications on the urban governance issues, planning and provision of housing. It has reduced the governmental intervention in the market processes as its human well-being could be developed through the private property rights, free trade and the free market. The neoliberalism influenced the housing policy by shaping the housing provision, economic conditions and the property rights. Brenner et al., 2010 have distinguished between three different dimensions, represented in: Regulatory experimentation; that assumes that the regulatory changes are connected to the global governance system. Inter-jurisdictional policy transfer; as an important technique for consolidating spatial and institutional variations. The prototypes of the neoliberal policy are utilized across the institutional networks of knowledge sharing, including territories, places and The creation of transnational rule-regimes; is formulated through the regulatory frameworks, legal systems and institutional arrangements. Sager (2011), argues that the neoliberalism is rooted from to the Keynesian welfare state economics and the emergence of the market liberalization that was formulated by the Chicago School of political economy. Accordingly, it depends on the economic indicators that measure the political-administrative management system effectiveness and the market controls the politics, not the opposite. By this, a new relationship is formulated between the governments and the capital owners. Sager also notes that the concept of neoliberalism could be used in theory planning as a major tool to define the political scheme and the bureaucratic transformations that form the rules of urban planning This could introduce an explanation of the facts behind the desire of the planning scholars to adopt the neoliberalism approach, as follows: It sets new perspective of the concepts used in planning theories as globalization, market liberalization, welfare state and The frame of public planning represented in the public sector institutions and organizations is being transformed by the neoliberalism. New planning oriented urban policies are being used. Measuring the housing supply faces problems related to the methodology used in measuring its existence due to the planning constraints. The housing market is considered as a complex and unique one that suffers from low substitutability levels across the locations in the cities and places that have access to valuable amenities in specific. Urban growth requires a good planning process, although this process is part of a complex supply chain that different factors, directly and indirectly, affect it, including industry trends, availability of labor, cost, financial resources and the decisions of the house builders. Other factors that affect the urban growth are the income growth, the ability to finance and the cost (Gurran Phibbs 2013). Research gap The body of research that investigates the impact of planning on the outcomes of housing are not new. Many theoretical and empirical research investigates the relation between the land usage and the planning policies, the housing market prices and the affordable housing approaches and their criticism. There are very few studies that have investigated the impact of urbanization on the economic development. Also, these few studies did not differentiate between the developed and developing economies. Both of the developing and developed economies take different ways to develop. Also, cities are highly heterogeneous across the two types of economies. The literature has provided numerous theories to both describe and predict the urban growth. A large number of the urban growth stems from the spatial economics and economic geography that mainly focus on the concentrations associated with the economic activities. Researchers have concentrated on the central place theory that was developed as a reemergence theory. According to the literature review, no country, has implemented the neoliberalism prototype that features its theoretical characteristics. The neoliberalism is still a debatable issue in social geography, there are still exchanges in opinions and the neoliberalism argues that the globalization is the favorite aspect in the discussion. Also, the geographical debate extends to include the spatial effects of neoliberalism and the territorial variations from one side and the definitional difficulties from the other side. A major aspect of criticism that has been directed to the neoliberalism is the usage of the term in virtual contexts and treating it as a variable that explains most of the social phenomenon. On the other side, from an economic welfare perspective, the governmental interference in planning the housing market is essential to manage the environmental externalities and correct the market failures. The diverse body of literature reveals the necessity of realizing the differences in the housing markets and regulations of the use of land. In relation to this, however, the neoliberalism of housing gained the support of homeowners and private investors in housing, the usage of governmental rent subsidies and vouchers have enabled the low-income families to rent houses in the private market. The urban growth theories have considered the role of the government in the process of affordable housing creation in the form of inclusionary zones. The role of the public institutions could not be neglected, especially for certain groups of low-income people and in crisis time by introducing financial incentives to the private and nonprofit sector to encourage them to get involved in the growth of the affordable housing growth. This approach is considered among the new approaches that take place as a public reform policy in many countries. Despite of, the increasing popularity of the inclusionary zones among the policymakers, there is a lack of imperial research on the effectiveness of these programs. No evidence exists about the real production of housing they produce in fact, their direct impact on the price and quantity of housing in the real market. The research that exists only examines certain case studies. The policies targeting lower income groups still have many limitation s that were clearly obvious as a consequence of the recent global financial crisis. At the time that the rental subsidies are directed to the low income and special needs groups through a planned process, they are heavily dependent on the support of capital funding and the buoyant market conditions. Although, the ecological modernization theorists strongly criticize the social constructivism, but they do not deny the social environmental problems. Conclusions The local plans are usually conducted by the local authority within a legal framework and imposed by the top levels in the state. Significant results were achieved from the comparison between the plans implemented by the local authorities and the physical outcomes on the ground. The link between the land planning strategies and the housing price rates are due to the formulation of the strategic spatial policies. The capture theory assumes that the political intervention is not enough to solve the problems of market failures as the monopoly behaviour, the destructive use of private economic power and high competition. Sustainability issues and environmental problems led the planners to consider the importance of the green belt. Urbanization cannot exist without industrialization. The concept of modernization involves the structural and institutional processes of transforming from traditional methods of production to modern methods that reflect the ways of life. The theory of growth machine that discusses on the urban growth through the examination of the relationship between the business elites seeking to maximize their profits and the government that seeks to raise the public revenues through the urban development. Neoliberalism started as a political-economic movement in various advanced countries during the the period (1970s and 1980s). The neoliberalism influenced the housing policy by shaping the housing provision, economic conditions and the property rights. The inclusionary housing approach focuses on the necessity of offering affordable housing across local areas or in certain regions. Public grants and incentives, including a tax credit for low-income zones, are considered the sources of finance to the affordable housing. To ensure fairness, the main characteristics of the inclusionary zone programs determine the rate of the effective tax and its impact on the prices of housing land and housing production in the inclusionry zones. 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